Canagliflozin is Used for Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes...

Canagliflozin is used for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus as monotherapy or in combination therapy with other antidiabetic agents to improve glycemic control.1 It belongs to a class of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2). Canagliflozin reduces reabsorption of filtered glucose from the tubular lumen by inhibiting SGLT2 in the proximal renal tubule.1,2 SGLT2 is the main site of filtered glucose reabsorption; reduction of filtered glucose reabsorption result in increased urinary excretion of glucose, thereby reducing plasma glucose concentrations.1 Canagliflozin is given orally with the starting dose of 100 mg once daily prior to first meal of the day. The dose may increase to 300 mg once daily. However, it needs dose adjustment if eGFR is less than 60 mL/min/1.73m 2 and it is contraindicated if eGFR is less than 30 mL/min/1.73m 2. Its half-life is10-13 hours (dose dependent). The absorption is not affected by food, bind 99% to albumin. It is mainly metabolized by O-glucuronidation and minor oxidative metabolism through CYP3A4.1 Literature Search: Literature search was conducted using PubMed online database. Key words were used: canagliflozin, diabetes and A1C. The search was limited to clinical trials, 5 years, English language and humans. This search yielded 6 articles, while 4 of them were excluded because they studied the efficacy and safety of canagliflozin versus placebo. One article was included based on the efficacy of canagliflozin versus older